Pediatric consultation is a common medical process that involves the assessment and diagnosis of conditions affecting children and, to a certain extent, teens, as well as the management of the overall health and wellness of the patients through certain preventative measures. Pediatrics is a branch of medicine that deals with the medical needs of children. A doctor who specializes in it is called a pediatrician. Pediatricians spend many years of education and training in the field. They begin with 4 years in undergraduate studies and another 4 years in medical school. They then enter into a residency program of an accredited hospital for the next 3 years. After that, they take the board exam for certification. Pediatrics also has subspecialties, including but not limited to oncology, cardiology, nephrology, neurology, and even psychology. Subspecializing requires additional years in a fellowship program.